Veterinary science treats these issues as medical conditions. Through a combination of:
However, as Emma began to investigate further, she realized that Max's behavior was more complex than initially thought. The pacing and whining only occurred when Sarah left the house, but not when she left the room or even when she was in the backyard. It seemed that Max had associated Sarah's departure with a specific cue – the sound of the front door closing.
Zoë didn’t know a Lena, but the cinema had a back room that smelled of dust and lemon oil, and an old projector with a lamp that still glowed if coaxed. At midnight, under the hum of the projector and the watchful eye of the neon, the canister wound into life.
The integration of animal behavior and veterinary science has numerous applications in veterinary practice, including:
| Symptom | Possible Medical Cause | Possible Behavioral Cause | | :--- | :--- | :--- | | House soiling (dog) | Urinary tract infection, diabetes, renal disease | Separation anxiety, incomplete housetraining, cognitive decline | | House soiling (cat) | Cystitis, kidney disease, hyperthyroidism, arthritis (difficulty entering litter box) | Litter box aversion, territorial marking, inter-cat aggression | | Aggression | Brain tumor, rabies, pain (e.g., dental disease), hypothyroidism | Fear-based aggression, resource guarding, redirected aggression | | Excessive vocalization | Hyperthyroidism (cat), laryngeal paralysis, sensory decline (deafness) | Separation anxiety, attention-seeking, compulsive disorder |