: Many successful candidates recommend printing the PDFs and writing down additional insights or "game-changing" explanations directly on them to improve retention. Complementary Use : Use these notes alongside the official CFAI curriculum
| Ratio | Formula | |-------|---------| | Current | CA / CL | | Quick | (CA – Inv) / CL | | D/E | Total debt / Total equity | | ROE | NI / Avg equity | | Gross margin | Gross profit / Revenue | | Interest coverage | EBIT / Interest | mark meldrum cfa level 1 notes pdf work