In conclusion, the debate over animal welfare and rights reflects a growing global recognition of our ethical responsibility
The "cage-free egg" movement.
Tom Regan’s The Case for Animal Rights (1983) offered a deontological counterpoint. Regan argued that certain animals (mammals over one year of age) are “subjects-of-a-life” with inherent value. Just as humans cannot be used as mere means to an end, neither can animals. Therefore, all forms of animal exploitation—including pain-free farming or research—are morally impermissible and must be abolished. In conclusion, the debate over animal welfare and