First published in 1984, Classical Apologetics remains a heavyweight. Sproul and company lay out the case for classical apologetics (the approach that first establishes theism through rational arguments, then moves to Christianity specifically) while taking direct aim at the presuppositional school (think Cornelius Van Til).

Kant claimed the cosmological argument illegitimately extends the category of cause beyond possible experience. Sproul responds: Kant’s own transcendental idealism cannot explain why we have any unified experience unless a necessary being grounds the categories. Moreover, the argument does not require temporal infinite regress but essential dependence (here-and-now causation), which is not subject to Kant’s antinomy.

Elias didn't just quote the book; he lived the methodology. He walked the class through the three steps he'd memorized from the PDF: